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  1. In Islamic terminology, “ihram” (not “ahram”) refers to a state of ritual consecration or sanctity that pilgrims enter into when performing the Hajj or Umrah, two of the major Islamic pilgrimages. Ihram involves wearing specific white garments and abstaining from certain activities during the pilgrimage.If you meant to inquire about a woman’s mahram, a mahram is a male relative with whom marriage is permanently prohibited, and a woman can travel and interact more freely. Mahram relationships are typically determined by Islamic law and include close male relatives such as a father, brother, son, or uncle. These individuals are considered mahram to a woman, and she can travel with them or be in their company without the restrictions that apply to interactions with non-mahram men.It’s important to note that the concept of mahram is rooted in Islamic jurisprudence and is primarily relevant in the context of travel and interactions. The rules regarding mahram relationships are intended to maintain modesty and protect the dignity and safety of individuals.

  2. In Islamic terminology, a “mahram” is a person whom a woman is prohibited from marrying due to a close blood relationship or a specific legal relationship. Mahram relationships create a level of intimacy and protection within the family, and they play a significant role in defining permissible interactions and situations for Muslim women. A woman’s mahram relatives are those with whom marriage is not allowed, and they include:

    1. Father: A woman’s biological father is her primary mahram.
    2. Sons: A woman’s sons are also considered her mahram.
    3. Brothers: A woman’s biological brothers (full or half-brothers from the same father) are mahram to her.
    4. Grandfathers: A woman’s paternal and maternal grandfathers are her mahram relatives.
    5. Uncles: A woman’s paternal and maternal uncles are considered mahram, as long as they are the brothers of her father or mother.
    6. Nephews: A woman’s nephews (the sons of her brothers) are mahram to her.
    7. Husband: A woman’s husband is not considered a mahram, as marriage itself establishes a different set of rules regarding interactions and responsibilities between spouses.

    These mahram relationships create a protective circle within which a woman can interact freely without the need for the strict rules of modesty and separation that apply to interactions with non-mahram individuals. For example, a woman is not required to observe the same level of modesty (covering her hair or body) in the presence of her mahram relatives as she would with non-mahram individuals.

    It’s important to note that the rules regarding mahram relationships are based on Islamic jurisprudence and can vary slightly among different Islamic traditions and schools of thought. Therefore, it’s advisable for individuals to consult with a knowledgeable religious scholar or authority within their particular Islamic tradition for specific guidance on matters related to mahram relationships and Islamic law.

  3. 1. Who is a Mahram (Mahram for Women):

    • A Mahram is a person with whom marriage is prohibited due to close blood or marital ties, making any form of sexual relationship or marriage between them impermissible.
    • Mahram relationships create a protective boundary within which certain interactions are allowed, while others are strictly prohibited.

    2. Legal Prohibitions:

    • Islamic law prohibits marriage between certain individuals due to close kinship or familial relationships.
    • For example, marriage is not allowed between siblings, parents and children, and other close blood relatives.
    • Mahram relationships are based on these legal prohibitions.

    3. Marriage Between Two Girls:

    • In Islam, same-sex marriage is not recognized, and Islamic jurisprudence is clear on the permissibility of marriage only between a man and a woman.
    • If two girls wish to marry each other, it would not be recognized as a valid Islamic marriage, as it goes against the foundational principles of Islamic marriage.

    4. Making One of Them Appear Male:

    • Attempts to change a person’s gender for the purpose of facilitating a same-sex marriage do not align with Islamic teachings.
    • Islam recognizes individuals based on their biological and legal gender, and changing one’s gender identity does not alter the underlying Islamic principles regarding marriage.

    5. Nikah Prohibited (Invalid):

    • In Islamic jurisprudence, a marriage between two individuals of the same gender is considered invalid and prohibited.
    • Such marriages do not have legal or religious validity within Islamic law.

    6. Hurmat Musahirah and Hurmat Surrogacy:

    • “Hurmat Musahirah” refers to the prohibition of marriage between a person and their stepmother or stepdaughter due to a prior marriage between one’s parent and the stepmother or stepdaughter.
    • “Hurmat Surrogacy” is not a commonly recognized term in Islamic jurisprudence. Surrogacy itself is a complex and debated topic within Islamic ethics, with varying opinions among scholars.

    In summary, a Mahram in Islam is someone with whom marriage is prohibited due to close familial relationships. Islamic law does not recognize same-sex marriages, and any attempt to change a person’s gender for the purpose of facilitating such a marriage is not aligned with Islamic teachings. Therefore, marriage between two girls, even if one were to appear as male, is not recognized as a valid Islamic marriage. The concepts of “Hurmat Musahirah” and “Hurmat Surrogacy” relate to specific legal prohibitions within Islamic marriage, but surrogacy itself is a topic that has differing opinions among Islamic scholars.