What Are the Pillars, Obligatory Parts and Sunnah Acts of prayer?
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In Islamic prayer (Salat), there are different components that make up the structure of the prayer. These components are categorized into three main categories: pillars (arkan), obligatory parts (wajibat), and Sunnah acts (sunnan). Here’s a brief explanation of each: Pillars (Arkan): The pillars of prayer are the essential and fundamental elements that must be performed for the prayer to be valid. If any of these pillars are omitted or performed incorrectly, the entire prayer becomes invalid, and it must be repeated. The number of pillars in each unit of prayer (Rak’ah) varies depending on the type of prayer (e.g., Fard, Sunnah, Witr). Examples of pillars include the standing, bowing (ruku), and prostration (sujood).Obligatory Parts (Wajibat): Obligatory parts are actions that are required for the validity of the prayer, but if they are missed or performed incorrectly, the prayer is still considered valid. However, it is highly recommended to perform these actions correctly to maintain the completeness of the prayer. Examples of obligatory parts include reciting Surah Al-Fatiha, sitting between the two prostrations, and the first Tashahhud.Sunnah Acts (Sunnan): Sunnah acts are recommended actions and practices that were consistently performed by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) during his prayers. While they are not obligatory, performing these acts brings extra rewards and holds special significance. Sunnah acts can include raising one’s hands during specific moments of prayer, reciting certain supplications, and performing additional prostrations known as Sujood as-Sahw (prostration of forgetfulness) when needed. The reason for categorizing prayer in this way is to provide a clear framework for Muslims to understand the essential elements of their worship. The pillars ensure the validity of the prayer, the obligatory parts add depth and structure to the prayer, and the Sunnah acts allow individuals to follow the example of the Prophet and enhance the spiritual experience of their worship. It’s important for Muslims to learn and practice these components correctly to fulfill their religious obligations and deepen their connection with Allah through prayer.