What are the characteristics of halal animals?
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Animals are generally of two types: land animals and aquatic animals. Eating all aquatic animals except fish is prohibited. At present many are seen, eating frogs, crabs, etc.; It is totally forbidden.
Among the fish, it is also permissible to eat dead fish, even if it dies for any reason, such as being pulled out of the water, being injured, being poisoned in the water, or being exposed to direct sunlight, etc., it is permissible to eat it until it spoils.
Yes, eating a fish that dies for no reason is makruh tahrimi. Rasulullah (s.a.w.) said, ‘Eat (fish) thrown into the sea, fish that rise up on dry land. And don’t eat dead fish for no reason. (Abu Dawud, Hadith: 3815)
And terrestrial animals are three types: one. Those animals, which have no blood, such as mosquitoes, spiders, ants, grasshoppers etc.
Two. Those animals which have blood but are not blood-flowing animals like snakes, rats etc. From both types of animals, only bloodless locusts are permissible to eat and all others are haraam as they are abominable and inferior.
Three. Those animals which have flowing blood, such as all kinds of birds and other quadrupeds. They are again of two types: First, birds.
Eating birds that have paws and claws, such as chiles, vultures, falcons, eagles, etc., is makruh tahrimi. This is also prohibited. And those that do not have claws, i.e. those that take food only with the help of their lips, these are permissible to eat. Of these, those crows which only eat impurity are makruh; But crows that eat mostly grains, insects are halal.
Second, animals.
Legally, animals are of two types: Violent animals, which attack and eat by pawing. Eating those animals is forbidden. For example – tiger, lion, fox, dog, cat, monkey, elephant etc.
The second type is non-violent animals. Of the non-violent animals, those whose parts are ripe, it is permissible to eat them. For example – domesticated cow, goat, buffalo, sheep, camel, dumba. Similar wild animals include wild cow, deer, hare, wild donkey. And those whose whole parts are impure, it is forbidden to eat them. For example, pigs. It is mentioned in the Qur’an, ‘He has forbidden you dead animals, flowing blood, and the flesh of pigs.’ (Surah Baqarah, verse: 173)
And it is makruh to eat domestic donkeys and all kinds of horses. Apart from this, it is makruh to eat from among the halal animals that are only used to eating impurity. (Badayus Sana’ee 5/35-41, Al Mawswatul Fiqhiyyah: 5/132-148)