The true time of Fajr When?
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Scholars agree that the time of Fajr coincides with the realization of Sobh-i-Sadiq, and Sobh-i-Sadiq is called the whiteness that appears on the edge of the sky in the east, about one and a half hours before sunrise, i.e. north and south. is, and will soon spread across the sky, it begins the time of Fajr, and it becomes forbidden for those who are fasting to eat and drink, and it is not permissible to perform Nawafl at this time. Before dawn, another whiteness appears in the middle of the sky in the form of a pillar, it is called false morning, when this light appears, the time of dawn does not enter, nor is food for those who intend to fast. Drinking is forbidden and neither is it forbidden to pay Nawafl.
As it is in Tanweer Al-Absaar with al-Adr wa al-Ard:
“(مِنْ) أَوَّلِ (طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ الثَّانِي) وَهُوَ الْبَيَاضُ الْمُنْتَشِرُ الْمُسْتَطِيرُ لَا الْمُسْتَطِيلُ (إلَى) قُبَيْلِ (طُلُوعِ ذُكَاءَ) بِالضَّمِّ غَيْرُ مُنْصَرِفٍ اسْمُ الشَّمْسِ (قَوْلُهُ: وَهُوَ الْبَيَاضُ إلَخْ) لِحَدِيثِ مُسْلِمٍ وَالتِّرْمِذِيِّ وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ «لَا يَمْنَعَنَّكُمْ مِنْ سُحُورِكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلَالٍ وَلَا الْفَجْرُ الْمُسْتَطِيلُ وَلَكِنْ الْفَجْرُ الْمُسْتَطِيرُ» ” فَالْمُعْتَبَرُ الْفَجْرُ الصَّادِقُ وَهُوَ الْفَجْرُ الْمُسْتَطِيرُ فِي الْأُفُقِ: أَيْ الَّذِي يَنْتَشِرُ ضَوْءُهُ فِي أَطْرَافِ السَّمَاءِ لَا الْكَاذِبُ وَهُوَ الْمُسْتَطِيلُ الَّذِي يَبْدُو طَوِيلًا فِي السَّمَاءِ كَذَنَبِ السِّرْحَانِ أَيْ الذِّئْبِ ثُمَّ يَعْقُبُهُ ظُلْمَةٌ”. ( ١/ ٣٥٩)
However, there is a difference of opinion among the people of knowledge about whether morning Sadiq occurs when the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon or when it is 15 degrees below the horizon. Popular researchers, scholars, especially scholars of Pakistan, including the leading Muhaddith al-Asr, Hazrat Maulana Syed Muhammad Yusuf Banuri, may Allah have mercy on him, and the Grand Mufti of Pakistan, Mufti Muhammad Shafi Usmani Sahib, may Allah have mercy on him, and others, were of the opinion that the time of Sadiq dawn is 18 degrees below the horizon. It is correct, while on the other hand, Mufti Rashid Ahmad Sahib, may God have mercy on him, was of the opinion that the sun is 15 degrees below the horizon at the time of Sadiq morning. Grand Mufti of Pakistan, Mufti Muhammad Shafi Osmani Sahib writes: “In 1368 Hijri and 1948 AD, when Akhr came to Karachi in Pakistan and settled in Pakistan, a jintri of the times printed by Hazrat Haji Waji Uddin Sahib Mahajir Madani, may God have mercy on him, was displayed in the public mosques here. I have seen and learned from many reliable people that they have checked the rising and setting of Jintri at different places in different times and found it correct. Hence it was relied upon in the case of other times also. A few years ago, some scholars among my friends did some new research and declared that the time given for the morning of the Sadiq in this Jintri is actually the time of the false dawn, and some scholars of modern and ancient art on this. also presented the sayings of, as it was highly probable that this new scholar of art did not differentiate between Sobh-e-Qaab and Sobh-e-Sadiq and called the false as Sobh-i-Sadiq. But in every Ramadan, he started publishing this note with the map times that the Suhoor meal should be finished at the time of the ancient Jintri, but the morning prayer should be offered after fifteen to twenty minutes of waiting. In this year, discussions with some scholars and review of some books on modern astronomy proved that the modern astronomers themselves have described the false dawn separately and it is actually a part of the night, after that. He has called the morning that is righteous, this new research and discussion cleared my hesitation and I consider the ancient Jintri times correct from the point of view of calculation, however, these calculations themselves are not certain, prayer, fasting in each case. I should be cautious.” (Nawader al-Fiqh, 2/97, I: Dar Uloom Karachi)
Muhaddith al-Asr Hazrat Maulana Muhammad Yusuf Banuri (may Allah have mercy on him) writes:
For some time, different maps of the Fajr and Suhore times have come out in Karachi and some cities, due to which the people have been in a lot of trouble as to which one to follow, and which one to consider correct, at that time, as if the opportunity for complete research could not be found, therefore this fatwa was given as a precaution to follow those patterns for the prayer in which the time of dawn is until later and the time of the end of dawn should be taken from those in which the time ends earlier, but some later. From the information obtained by the efforts of Mukhleseen, it has reached the basic research that among all the maps, the same map of former Karachi which was compiled and printed by the late Haji Vijayauddin Sahib Khan Bahadur is absolutely correct. If he prays late so that he is also sure that the time has come, then it is good, there is no need to be obstinate in the matter of religion. It is a matter of religion to believe what is right and to turn away from what is wrong. May Allah grant everyone the right understanding and right action! Muhammad Yusuf Banuri. 2 Ramadan 1392 AH.
According to Jamhoor, the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon, the total time in terms of hours and minutes is from one hour and twenty minutes to one hour and thirty-eight minutes before sunrise, which changes in different seasons and days. , does not remain the same all the time, while Mufti Rasheed Ahmad Sahib (may Allah have mercy on him) has given its minimum time as 57 minutes, in other seasons it may be more.
Among these two sayings, the one with the 18th level under the horizon is reliable, rajih, as-sah and mufti as usual, while the public has not agreed with the research of Mufti Rashid Ahmad, may God have mercy on him, but has decided it as his tafard. Also, Mufti Rasheed Ahmad Sahib, may Allah have mercy on him, later said to observe the 18-ranked sayings in prayer and fasting.
Grand Mufti of India, Mufti Kifayatullah Sahib, may Allah have mercy on him, has also adopted the view of 18 levels below the horizon, as in Kifayat al-Mufti:
“This interval is not always the same, it decreases from month to month, that is, day by day, but this interval is never more than one hour and thirty-eight minutes and never less than one hour and twenty-one minutes. It is the highest in the month of one hour and thirty-eight minutes, and the lowest in September is one hour and twenty-one minutes. (Kitab al-Salaat, 3/72, I: Dar al-Isha’at)
All the great Muftis of the Islamic University of Banuri Town, including Hazrat Maulana Mufti Wali Hasan Tonki (may Allah have mercy on him) and Mufti Muhammad Abdul Salam Chat Gami Damat Barakatham al-Alia, have the opinion of Jamhoor, so in the case of responsibility, with reference to Subh Sadiq, the opinion of Jamhoor is valid. According to the view of 18 levels below the horizon, one should finish Suhoor, after this time it is not permissible to continue eating or drinking. Only God knows
The time for Fajr (the dawn prayer in Islam) varies based on your location and the time of year. It begins with the first light of dawn and ends just before sunrise. To find the exact time for Fajr in your area, you can use a local Islamic prayer time calculator or refer to your local mosque’s prayer timetable. You can also use mobile apps or websites that provide prayer times based on your location. Additionally, some Islamic communities provide prayer time schedules for specific regions. Please note that Fajr times may change slightly throughout the year due to the changing length of daylight.