Tayammum is a ritual purification method in Islam that is used when water is not available or when a person is unable to use water due to a valid reason, such as illness or unavailability of water. Here’s how to perform tayammum: Intention (Niyyah): Begin by making a sincere intention in your heart for tayammum. Your intention should be to perform tayammum as a substitute for wudu (ablution) or ghusl (ritual bathing) when necessary. Strike the Ground: Find a clean and dry surface, like sand, dust, or earth (free from impurities), and gently strike it with your hands. Wipe the Face: Using both hands, wipe your face once, starting from your forehead to your chin, making sure to cover the entire face. Wipe the Hands: Wipe your right hand with your left hand and your left hand with your right hand, ensuring that you wipe from your fingertips to your wrists. Intentional Stroke: These actions should be performed with intention, mindfulness, and respect.Prayer or Ghusl: You can now perform your prayer or any other religious activity that requires purification. Tayammum can also be used as a substitute for ghusl by repeating the above steps twice. It’s important to note that tayammum is a substitute for wudu or ghusl when water is not available or its use is not possible due to valid reasons. Once you have access to water, you should perform wudu or ghusl as appropriate and repeat any missed prayers or religious activities. Tayammum is a temporary solution and should be used when necessary, with the intention of fulfilling your religious duties in situations where water is unavailable or cannot be used.

In Islamic tradition, there are differences in the way the various daily prayers (Salat) are performed, particularly regarding whether they are recited silently or aloud. The choice to pray Zuhr and Asr prayers silently is based on specific guidelines and traditions within the religion. Here’s why these two prayers are typically performed silently: Tradition and Sunnah: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is reported to have prayed the Zuhr and Asr prayers silently during his lifetime. This practice is considered a part of the Sunnah (the traditions and practices of the Prophet) and is therefore followed by many Muslims.Time of Day: Zuhr and Asr prayers are performed during the daytime when people are generally more active, and there is more noise and activity around. Praying them silently helps maintain focus and concentration during these potentially distracting hours. Congregational Prayers: When praying in congregation, the Imam leading the prayer may choose to recite these prayers silently to avoid confusion or distractions for the followers. This is especially common in mosque settings. Consistency: Performing Zuhr and Asr prayers silently is consistent with the practice of the Prophet Muhammad, providing uniformity in how these prayers are observed by Muslims worldwide. It’s important to note that there are variations in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), and some Islamic schools of thought do allow for reciting these prayers aloud in certain situations, such as when praying individually or in specific circumstances. However, the majority of Muslims follow the practice of praying Zuhr and Asr silently based on the aforementioned reasons and the traditions of the Prophet.

To express gratitude to Allah for His blessings, you can follow these steps: Prayer (Salat): Regularly perform your daily prayers, and during these prayers, thank Allah for the specific blessings you’ve received. You can use this time to express your gratitude sincerely. Say “Alhamdulillah”: Use the phrase “Alhamdulillah” (Praise be to Allah) often throughout your day to acknowledge and thank Allah for His blessings, both big and small. Make Duas (Supplications): Offer specific supplications where you express your gratitude for specific blessings and ask for Allah’s continued guidance and blessings. Recite Quranic Verses: Read and reflect upon Quranic verses that emphasize gratitude and praise to Allah. Verses such as those in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:152) can be particularly relevant. Acts of Charity (Sadaqah): Give to those in need as an expression of your gratitude. Helping others is considered an act of worship in Islam.Acts of Kindness: Show kindness and compassion to others, as this is a way of expressing gratitude for the blessings you’ve received.Self-Reflection: Take time to reflect on your life and the blessings Allah has granted you. Use this self-reflection to strive for self-improvement and a deeper connection with Allah. Maintain a Grateful Heart: Cultivate a thankful attitude in your daily life, appreciating even the small blessings and recognizing that everything comes from Allah. Seek Forgiveness: Alongside expressing gratitude, seek Allah’s forgiveness for any shortcomings or sins. Recognize your dependence on His mercy. Fasting (Sawm): Consider observing voluntary fasts as a way to express gratitude. Fasting on Mondays and Thursdays, for example, is a practice that shows dedication to Allah. Remember that expressing gratitude to Allah is not just a ritual but a sincere and heartfelt attitude that should permeate your daily life as a Muslim.

During the pilgrimage of Hajj or Umrah, pilgrims in the state of Ihram are required to wear simple and unscented clothing, and this includes their choice of footwear. The type of shoes that are permissible for pilgrims to wear in Ihram should adhere to the following guidelines: Open Sandals or Flip-Flops: It is recommended for pilgrims to wear open sandals or flip-flops that expose most of the top of the foot. These types of shoes allow for the feet to remain uncovered while providing some protection. Avoid Closed Shoes: Closed shoes, such as regular sneakers or boots, are generally discouraged because they cover the entire foot and can make it difficult to maintain the state of Ihram properly. However, if there is a medical necessity or specific circumstances that require closed shoes (e.g., for foot protection due to injury), they may be allowed, but pilgrims should consult with their scholars or religious authorities for guidance. Non-stitched and Simple: The shoes worn in Ihram should be non-stitched and as simple as possible. This means avoiding shoes with intricate designs, decorations, or scents. Plain, unadorned sandals or flip-flops are preferable. Comfort and Safety: Pilgrims should choose footwear that is comfortable for walking, as Hajj and Umrah may involve a significant amount of walking. Additionally, the shoes should provide adequate grip to prevent slipping, especially when navigating crowded areas. Gender Consideration: For women in Ihram, the same guidelines apply regarding the simplicity and openness of footwear. They should avoid wearing closed or fashionable shoes and opt for plain, open sandals. It’s essential to remember that the rules regarding attire and footwear in Ihram are part of the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, and they symbolize a state of humility and equality before Allah. Pilgrims should make an effort to adhere to these guidelines as closely as possible while focusing on the spiritual aspect of their journey.